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Dental caries, also described as tooth decay, is an infectious disease which damages the structures of teeth.[1] The disease can lead to pain, tooth loss, infection, and, in severe cases, death. There is a long history of dental caries, with evidence showing the disease was present in the Bronze, Iron, and Medieval ages but also prior to the neolithic period.[2] The largest increases in the prevalence of caries have been associated with diet changes.[2][3] Today, it remains one of the most common diseases throughout the world.